According to this model, valence electrons in the Lewis structure form groups, which may consist of a single bond, a double bond, a triple bond, a lone pair of electrons, or even a single unpaired electron, which in the VSEPR model is counted as a lone pair. We can use the VSEPR model to predict the geometry of most polyatomic molecules and ions by focusing on only the number of electron pairs around the central atom, ignoring all other valence electrons present. Lewis electron structures predict the number and types of bonds, whereas VSEPR can predict the shapes of many molecules and polyatomic ions. Keep in mind, however, that the VSEPR model, like any model, is a limited representation of reality the model provides no information about bond lengths or the presence of multiple bonds. (pronounced “vesper”), which can be used to predict the shapes of many molecules and polyatomic ions. We continue our discussion of structure and bonding by introducing the valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR) model A model used to predict the shapes of many molecules and polyatomic ions, based on the idea that the lowest-energy arrangement for a compound is the one in which its electron pairs (bonding and nonbonding) are as far apart as possible. This approach gives no information about the actual arrangement of atoms in space, however. The Lewis electron-pair approach described in Chapter 8 "Ionic versus Covalent Bonding" can be used to predict the number and types of bonds between the atoms in a substance, and it indicates which atoms have lone pairs of electrons.
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